Loom for weaving pile fabrics.



No. 768,223. I 'PATENTED AUG. 23, 1904. A W. G. HARTLEY.

LOOM FOR WEAV ING PILB FABRICS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 26, 1904. N0 MODEL.

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No. 768,223. PATENTED AUG. 23, 196

J W. HARTLEY.

LOOM FOR WEAVING PILE FABRICS.

APPLIOATION FILED JAN. 26, 1904.

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No. 768,223. 'PATENTED- AUG. 23, 1904, W. G. HARTLEY.

LOOM FOR WEAVING PILE FABRICS. APPLIOA'TPION FILED JAN. 26, 1904.

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. 6444mm 7% 6i MZ I wg MW UNITED I STATES Patented August 23, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

PANY, OF AMESBURY,

MASSACHUSETTS. 1

MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR, BY TO HARTLEY LOOP WEAYE COM- LOOM FOR WEAVINGPILE FABRICS- SPEGIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 768,223,dated August 23, 1904.

Application filed January 26, 1904. Serial No. 190,649. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM G. HARTLEY, a resident of Amesbury, in thecounty of Essex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Looms for Weaving Pile Fabrics; and I dohereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part ofthis specification.

This invention relates to improvements in weaving pile fabric, and hasfor its object the construction of a simple and positive mechanism forforming loops over pile-wires and is adapted more particularly for usein weaving carpets.

A further object of the invention is to provide means, including a combor bar, having a set of downwardly-projecting teeth or fingers, eachfinger projecting between the series of pile-threads, the whole beingcapable of being moved transversely or in the direction of the width ofthe fabric and carrying the pilethreads over the pile-wires.

A further object of the invention is to pro vicle flexible cords orconnections depending from the end of each tooth or finger,-which cordsextend down through the ground-warp of .the fabric, said flexibleconnections being held in place from below by weights, springs, or othersuitable means. These connections from the ends of the teeth are for thepurpose of guiding the vertically-reciprocating pilethreads so that whenthey are carried down and out from between the teeth on their descentthrough the ground warp-threads they will be sure to find their way backagain between the teeth whence they came.

With these and other objects in view the invention consists of certainnovel features of construction, combinations, andarrangement of parts,as. will-be more fully described, and particularly pointed out in theappended claims.

Figure 1 illustrates the pile-threads asbeing operated by the heddles,the view being a diagram in sectionshowing parts of the loom andtherelative position of the new device to the usual parts looking in thedirection of one end of the loom. Fig. 2 is a front view showing aportion of the lower frame with my improveddevice attached thereto,showing the comb-bar and the flexible connections depending from itsteeth. Fig.3 shows a modified construction of the device for moving thepilewarps transversely across the pile wires. Fig.4 shows a detail of a'portion of the combbar with the flexible connections dependingtherefrom.

Referring to the drawings, A in Fig. 1 is the usual yarn-beam thatcarries the Warpthreads from which the ground fabric is 'woven. On thisground fabric is formedthe pile-loops, which when out produce the velvetor plush eflect such as. form the face of carpeting or other pilefabric.

BB are the heddles or harnesses that control, theground warp-threads,and D is the heddle that controls the vertically-reciprocating movementof the pile-threads O, these latter threads being led. from the spoolsOon the rear of theloom. When it is desired to weave plain carpeting,this heddle D may be used, and it may be operated by the ordinary jack-levers in a dobby-head; but when it is desired to weave a figuredcarpeting or the like'the jacquard mechanism (not shown) may be used inthe manner well knownby those skilled in the art of weaving.

At E is thepilewire, one end of which lays on the woven fabric, such endbeing drawn down to the size of the loops desired to be formed over it.The main arm of this pile wire may be set'on an angle a little less thanthat of the upper shed of the ground Warpthreads when open and issupported in position by the depending leg E, the lower end of which legrests-inthe supporting-box 1 and is held firmly in position by thelockingpin E, which passes through all ofsaid pilewires. This supportingbox E passes across the loom and is fixed to the end frames To carry thepile-warps C over the pilewires E first to one side and then the otherin the formation of loops over said wire, I preferably use a comb or barH, having downwardly-projecting teeth it, which teeth engage thepile-warps C to move them laterally when said pile-warps are in their upposition, as shown in Fig. 1. This comb-bar is shown to be slotted atand is movably supported on a fixed bar G by the screws g, which screwspass through said slots into the fixed bar (it. This comb-bar may bemoved endwise in one direction by the harness-lever I, to which it isconnected by cord *2 over pulley t", which harness-lever is operated bythe dobby-head in the usual way and for the exclusive purpose of drawingthis bar in one direction. The spring R is for the purpose of returningsaid bar when released by said jack-lever. I have shown and describedthis bar as being hung to slide on a fixed bar and being operated by ajack-lever; but this comb-bar may be held in any suitable way andoperated to reciprocate by connecting it to any suitable motion of theloom.

The main Ob ect of my invention 18 the providing of means for insuringthe return of each pile-thread back into the space between i the sameteeth of the comb where it was before it was carried down by the heddle.This is accomplished by the use of a flexible cord, wire, or othersuitable flexible connection a, which is connected to the lower end ofeach tooth of the comb. These cords pass down through the groundwarp-threads a, and at their lower ends are hung weights F or lightsprings f,(see Fig. 4,) which springs or weights are simply for thepurpose of holding the said flexible cords in place and at the same timeallowing their upper ends the necessary lateral movement. The object ofthese flexible cords is to guide the pile-threads back where they camefrom between the teeth of the comb after they have been forced down andout of said comb-teeth into the ground-warp, where they are fastened inthe usual way. By making the cords flexible they allow the comb-bar tomove laterally without affecting the ground warpthreads, through whichthreads these flexible cords pass.

and shown in the drawings any other suitable device for moving thepile-warps transversely over the pile-wires to form the loops may beemployed-for example, the device shown in Fig. 3, which consists of aseries of levers it, pivoted at [L2 on a stationary bar H, with theirlower ends extending down below the upper portion of the pile'wires Eand their upper ends pivoted to a transversely-moving bar it, having areciprocating motion corresponding to the motion of the comb H. At thelower ends of each of these levers 71/ is also hung the flexible cord orconnection a, the same as those shown on the comb.

l l i i l l l i sired. Instead of the comb device above described Theoperation of my device is further explained as follows: \Vhen it isdesired to weave a plain pile fabric, the pile-thremls are led from thespools C in the rear of the looiu through the harness l), thence throughthe reed K to the ground fabric .l, to which lat:- ter it is secured.This harness l) is actuated by a jack-lever M in the (lobby-110ml toraise the pile-threads at the required time above the pile-wires E. Theharness-lever l is then called into action in the usual manner and drawsthe sliding bar ll endwise, the movement of which bar causes the teeth/t of the comb-bar H. to press against the pile-threads C, causing themto be carried down on the opposite side of the pile-wires E and form aloop when the harness l) descends. On the next stroke up of thepile-thread-actuating harness D the sliding bar H is released andallowed to be carried back by the tension of the spring R to its inwardposition, causing the teeth /I/ to engage the opposite side of eachadjacent thread and press or guide them over the next pile-wire, so theymay be drawn down on the opposite side of said pile-wires, again forminga loop. By a slight movement of comb-bar, the teeth of which are placedbetween adjacent pile-threads, said threads are guided to be carrieddown alternately lirst on one side and then on the other of thepile-wire E and bound down in the usual way by the passing of theshuttle over them. This thread is thus securely woven into the body ofthe fabric, the loops being formed over the wire, said loops beingcarried down by the beating up of the reciprocating reed K to the smallend of the wire, where they are drawn to the proper size. This sequenceof motions is repeatedly made, and a. series of, loops (6 of thepile-threads are formed over each wire i which loops are drawn oil ofthe front end of the wires as the cloth is drawn forward over thebreast-beam S by the take-up motion. (Not shown.)

Any number of flattened wires E and corresponding pile-threads (Y may beused, and any number of harnesses or shuttles may be employed, accordingto the style of goods de- Only enough of the loom is shown to illustratethe operation of my invention.

I have shown the pile-threads C as being operated by the harness-leversin a dobbyhead; but I do not wish to contine myself to any particularmethod of operating these pilethrcads, as they may be actuated by canis,jacquard mechanism, or any of the various methods known to those skilledin the art of weaving.

This device is not confined to weaving of carpets alone, but maybe usedin weaving any plain or figured velvet or other pile fabric.

The mechanisms for operating the ditl'ercnt parts are not shown ordescribed, as they are lOt all well known, 7 and no particular Way isclaimed. Any of the several varieties may be employed that may upontrial he found. advisable.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a loom of the character described, means over which loops areformed by the pile-threads, laterally-movable means for engaging andguiding or pressing said pilethreads to one side so that when saidthreads are carried down they will form loops over said pile-formingmeans andflexible connections depending from said pile-thread-movingmeans for they ascend.

2. In a loom of the character described a series of pile wires overwhich loops are formed by the pile threads, guide fingers, means forlaterally moving said guide-fingers to guide or press said pile-threadsto one side so that when said threads are carried down they will formloops over said pile-Wires, and flexible connections depending from saidguide-fingers for guiding the pile threads when they ascend.

3. In a loom for weaving pile fabrics, pilewires, over which the loopsare made by the pile-threads, a laterally movable comb or toothedguide-bar, the teeth of which engage the pile-threads to guide or pressthem laterally, whereby said threads will form loops over saidpile-wires, means for moving said guiding the pile-threads when bar, andflexible guides for the ascending pilethreads, said latter guides beingheld at their lower ends.

4. In a loom for weaving pile fabrics, pilewires over which the loopsare made by the pile threads, a laterally moving comb or toothedguide-bar, the teeth of which guidebar engage the pile-threads to guideor press them laterally from side to side so that when said'threads arecarried down they will form loops over said pile-wires, means for movingsaid bar laterally and flexible connections depending from the teeth ofsaid guide-bar for guiding the pile-threads when they are carried up bythe harnesses.

5. In a loom for weaving pile fabrics, pilewires over which loops aremade by the pilethreads, a laterally-reciprocating toothed" bar theteeth of said bar engaging the pile-threads to guide or press saidpile-threads laterally so. they will be carried down alternately firston one side of the pile-wires and then on the other'making loops oversaid pile-wires and a flexible connection depending from each tooth ofsaid bar, said connection being for the purpose of guiding thepile-thread back into its space between said teeth afterhaving beencarried down by the heddles.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 23d day of January, A. D. v1904.

- WILLIAM G. HARTLEY; In presence of ROBERT C. CLARK, DELL W. D LBIER.

